Fully lined hard-sealed ceramic valve features: First, the thickness of the valve casing exceeds the standard data requirements of national standards GB, JB and American Standard ANSI, and the chemical elements and mechanical properties of the main material meet the national standard requirements. The three-segment structure design of the shell has a solid shape and a beautiful appearance. 2. The chemical elements of the valve stem material meet the requirements of national standards. They are finely polished and the surface is treated with anti-corrosion, nitriding or quenching and tempering to ensure that the valve stem has good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. Third, built-in buffer compensation elastic gasket to ensure stable and good sealing. And in the medium containing impurities, it is not easy to jam and cause the ball to break. Fourth, all lined hard sealing surface contact ceramic ball valve is in contact with the medium are structural ceramic materials, its chemical stability plus extremely high hardness (hardness HRA88 or higher, second only to diamond). Therefore, ceramics have high compressive strength, high abrasion resistance, excellent oxidation and corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, and good thermal insulation properties. 5. Manufacture with precise grinding technology (introduced in Taiwan) and advanced machinery and equipment. The structure of the valve is simple, the flow passage is smooth, and the resistance of the medium flow is small. The hard-sealed ceramic inner parts are composed of six scientific and reasonable designs. The ball and seat surfaces of the valve are processed in contact, which makes the ball and the inner R and outer R tightly combined. , Low resis

At present, the development trend of the world's precision ceramic products shows that there are more and more product categories. Various precision ceramic products have been successfully used in thermal conduction, thermomechanics, nuclear energy, microelectronic technology, automation devices, sensitive sensors, optical fields, and medical fields. And new energy. At present, the research and production of precision ceramics in various countries is forming a new round of market climax and more intense competition. The development direction of fine ceramics is mainly focused on high-temperature structural ceramics. Now in aerospace technology, automobiles, aircraft, military industry, nuclear engineering, medical equipment and mechanical power, it has entered a large-scale and large-scale use phase. The research and promotion of precision ceramic materials based on silicon nitride, silicon carbide, and zirconia ceramics in the United States have achieved rapid development, and the output of products has accounted for more than 60% of the world's total output. Ceramic bearings have a working temperature of over 1300 degrees Celsius and their working strength is more than five times that of ordinary metal materials. Heat-resistant zirconia ceramic tiles can withstand high-temperature aerospace friction up to 6000 degrees Celsius, and are widely used as space shuttle armor. The bioceramic products developed by him have been used in bone repair, porcelain tooth repair and other aspects. Ceramic piston caps, exhaust pipe linings, turbocharged rotors and gas turbine rotors are being researched in an orderly manner. At present, some countries have also strengthened the research and development of military precision ceramics and special ceramics, with a view to gradually strengthening their promotion and use in the military field. Shenzhen F

The aluminum nitride film refers to an aluminum nitride cover layer prepared by vapor deposition, liquid deposition, surface conversion, or other surface technologies. Aluminum nitride (AIN) is the only stable phase in the AI-N binary system. It has a covalent bond and a hexagonal wurtzite structure. It cannot be melted under normal pressure, but it can decompose at 2500K. 6.2eV can also be doped into a wide band gap semiconductor material. The aluminum nitride film refers to an aluminum nitride cover layer prepared by vapor deposition, liquid deposition, surface conversion, or other surface technologies. Aluminum nitride (AIN) is the only stable phase in the AI-N binary system. It has a covalent bond and a hexagonal wurtzite structure. It cannot be melted under normal pressure, but it can decompose at 2500K. 6.2eV can also be doped into a wide band gap semiconductor material. Aluminum nitride has higher electrical resistivity, lower thermal expansion coefficient, higher hardness, and better chemical stability. However, unlike ordinary insulators, its thermal conductivity is also very high. Aluminum nitride has high optical transmission in the entire visible and infrared bands. Aluminum nitride film has a very broad application prospect in microelectronics and optoelectronic devices, substrate materials, insulating layer materials, and packaging materials. Because of its high surface acoustic wave velocity and piezoelectricity, it can be used as a surface acoustic wave device. In addition, aluminum nitride has good abrasion and corrosion resistance and can be used as a protective film. The aluminum nitride film was first prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVI), and its deposition temperature was over 1000 degrees Celsius. Later, by using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition, or physical vapor deposition ((PVD)), the deposition temperature was gradually reduced below 500 degrees Celsius, and can even be deposited near room tempe

effect: 1. High-temperature solid lubricants, extrusion anti-wear additives, additives for the production of ceramic composite materials, refractory materials and antioxidant additives, especially in the case of resistance to molten metal corrosion, heat-enhancing additives, high-temperature-resistant insulating materials. 2. Metal forming release agent and metal wire drawing lubricant. Special electrolytic and resistive materials at high temperature. 3. High-temperature solid lubricants, extrusion anti-wear additives, additives for the production of ceramic composite materials, refractory materials and antioxidant additives, especially in the case of resistance to molten metal corrosion, heat-enhancing additives, high-temperature insulation materials. 4. A variety of laser anti-counterfeiting aluminum plating, trademark bronzing materials, various tobacco labels, beer labels, packaging boxes, cigarette packaging boxes, and other aluminum plating. 5. Cosmetics are used as fillers for lipsticks, non-toxic, lubricating, and shiny. 6, pressed into various shapes of boron nitride products, can be used as high temperature, high pressure, insulation, heat dissipation parts. It can also be used as thermal shielding material in aerospace. 7, super hard materials made of boron nitride processing, can be made into high-speed cutting tools and geological exploration, oil drilling bits.

Ceramic braces have high strength and their hardness is close to that of dental enamel. It has strong anti-staining power to coffee, tea, tobacco, lipstick, etc., and is an ideal dental restoration material. Ceramic crowns can be used to make braces for anterior and posterior teeth. Defective anterior teeth, broken, overfilled, discolored teeth, tetracycline teeth, fluoroplasty teeth, dislocation, or not suitable for orthodontics can be made. First, the teeth must be properly cut, and then a wax pattern of ceramic braces is made on the model, and the wax pattern is embedded with phosphate embedding material. The porcelain ingot was put into a special collapse, melted at 1360 ° C, and was cast with a centrifugal casting machine. The dental beauty of the ceramic braces after casting is a clear glass state. It must be porcelainized in a porcelain furnace and kept at a specific temperature for several hours to form crystals. The ceramic is white and translucent, its physical properties change significantly, and its anti-crushing performance is greatly improved. Refinish the shape of the porcelain braces, and then apply the appropriate color on the affected teeth. Mix the pigment according to the color, apply a thin layer evenly, blow dry slowly, then bake, and fix to the affected tooth after the color comparison is satisfactory. Because the cast ceramic has transparency, it needs to be fixed with a colored cement. You can choose a different color when cementing, and finally adjust the color of the ceramic braces. Ceramic dental braces have their advantages compared with metal porcelain braces. The edge of the metal inner crown of the porcelain braces is in contact with the teeth. The biocompatibility is not as ideal as that of ceramic materials. Good aesthetic effect, it is an important development in the field of dental cosmetology in recent years.

Advantages of ceramic knife: 1.High quality Super high hardness, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, extremely sharp, not easy to wear, and never rust. After cutting food with a metal knife such as stainless steel, the natural taste of the food will be destroyed. This phenomenon will not occur with a ceramic knife. 2.Health Made of biomedical materials, free of heavy metal elements such as nickel and chromium. No contact with skin. The ceramic material is extremely chemically stable, resistant to acid and alkali, and will never rust and discolor. Does not have any chemical reaction with the food, keeping the food fresh and delicious. The blade body is sintered at a high temperature of 1700 ° C. It is fully dense, non-porous and non-magnetic. Not sticky when used, easy to clean and antibacterial. 3. Anti-oxidation, no smell When using a metal knife to cut food, some foods are prone to oxidation, which will greatly damage the original taste of the food. Some foods can't even be cut with a metal knife to avoid chemical reactions, produce harmful substances, and endanger physical health. The ceramic knife effectively avoids the above situation. Its inherent material advantages will not cause chemical reactions with any food and maintain the original pure flavor of the food. 4, good use The easy-grip handle designed according to ergonomic principles makes it easy, safe and comfortable to use. The color is round, pure, and jade, adding noble enjoyment. The edge of the ceramic knife is not attacked by acids, juices, salt, oil a

Advanced ceramics are also called fine ceramics, high-tech ceramics, and so on. Advanced ceramics are different from traditional ceramics. Advanced ceramics use artificially synthesized high-purity ultra-fine powders as raw materials. They are formulated according to selected ingredients. They are manufactured by molding, sintering and other processes under very strict process conditions. of. Most of them belong to polycrystalline sintered bodies, and there are various forms such as single crystal thin films, fibers, and amorphous ceramics. The disadvantages of traditional ceramics are high strength, but great brittleness, poor reliability, and very difficult machining and welding. Advanced ceramics have high strength, wear resistance, light weight, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and have special properties in many aspects such as sound, electricity, light, heat, and magnetism. Therefore, advanced ceramics have a wide range of applications, from integrated circuit substrates, capacitors, transformers, sensors to magneto-fluid generator electrodes; from artificial teeth to bioreactors, they are used in all fields of modern science and technology. The scope of application is any material Can not be compared, so it has the reputation of "universal material". As the advanced ceramics used as structural materials, most of the domestic and foreign developments are silicon nitride, silicon carbide, zirconia and alumina ceramics. Silicon nitride ceramics have excellent properties such as high temperature resistance, high thermal shock resistance, low temperature creep, high wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and low specific gravity. They are the most promising high temperature materials for heat engines. Silicon car

Alumina is often used as the main core material in the production of various ceramics. Alumina ceramic manufacturers claim that this material not only has good resistance in use, but also has good conductive properties, high strength, abrasion resistance, and resistance to corrosion. ability. Relying on these advantages of materials, the quality of various ceramic products is continuously improved. The following high-quality alumina ceramic manufacturers will analyze the three major characteristics of alumina ceramics for everyone: First, light weight Although the alumina ceramics has good hardness and good tolerance, but the overall weight is lighter, it can be more conducive to making different crafts or important internal parts of the product, without increasing the weight of the product itself, and improving the quality performance in use . Alumina ceramic manufacturers claim that because of this light weight, they can reduce the overall load of the equipment for processing and molding, and can more effectively control the use between different products. Second, good hardness Alumina ceramic manufacturers claim that the reason why alumina can be widely used in medicine and tool or ceramic industry for processing is mainly because the material has good performance characteristics in terms of hardness, which improves the wear resistance of the product, and the stability of alumina ceramic sintering and molding. It is good and has high strength. It can show good hardness without deformation or damage under the compression of large pressure or mechanical energy. Third, high temperature resistance Alumina ceramic manufacturers clai

Recently, 5G communication has been spread all over the country, and China will soon usher in the 5G era. Then it represents that the back cover of zirconia ceramics is about to be popular. Let `s take a look at the comparative information between ceramic materials. With the official release of Xiaomi's all-ceramic mobile phone MIX, the zirconia all-ceramic body has attracted widespread public attention. Xiaomi MIX not only uses ceramic on the back cover, but also ceramics on the bezel, which fully verifies the excellent performance of ceramics and announces the era of ceramic integrated mobile phone body. 5G communication uses a wireless spectrum above 3 GHz, and the antenna structure will be more complicated than 4G. The existing antenna layout structure cannot meet the needs of 5G. Therefore, in the 5G era, smartphones will abandon the existing metal back cover for signal shielding and use non-metal materials instead. Comparison of non-metal materials: There are two solutions of ceramic back cover and glass back cover in non-metallic materials. The dielectric constant of the zirconia ceramic back cover is 3 times that of sapphire and 10 times that of tempered glass, and the signal penetration is good. At the same time, ceramics can also be doped with some rare metals to make them more resistant to drop than glass. In addition, ceramics are superior to glass in terms of color brightness and touch. At the previous conference of ceramic materials for mobile phones of the third ring, engineers also used data to prove some of the excellent properties of zirconia ceramics: the bending strength is twice that of glass, the fracture toughness is 10 times tha

Super ceramics can be divided into iron oxide ceramics, alumina ceramics, titanium oxide ceramics, silicon oxide ceramics, silicon carbide ceramics, and cermets according to the composition of raw materials. The application range of special ceramics has expanded from capacitors, filters, igniters, thermal insulation materials, medical equipment and communication components to high-tech fields such as aerospace, satellites and semiconductor chips. The research and production of special ceramics in China have developed a lot in the past 20 years, but they are still far from developed countries in terms of practical application, production level and industrialization. At present, foreign special ceramics can be divided into iron oxide ceramics, alumina ceramics, titanium oxide ceramics, silicon oxide ceramics, silicon carbide ceramics, and cermets according to the composition of raw materials. The application range of special ceramics has expanded from capacitors, filters, igniters, thermal insulation materials, medical equipment and communication components to high-tech fields such as aerospace, satellites and semiconductor chips. According to forecasts, the world's special ceramics have been growing at a rate of 15% to 20% since 2000, and sales in 2010 are expected to reach about 150 billion US dollars. In recent years, the Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed new nano-ceramics, and foun

Ceramics can be seen everywhere in people's lives, and it is the heritage of China's long history. The history of the development of ceramics is an important part of the history of Chinese civilization. As one of the four ancient civilizations, China has made outstanding contributions to the progress and development of human society. The invention and development of ceramics have more unique significance. Different dynasties and generations in Chinese history have different artistic styles and different technical characteristics. So what is the relationship between ceramics and talc? Talc is a fine powder that is pure white, silvery white, pink or light yellow. Talc powder is made by selecting, crushing and drying talc. Soft and slippery, it is a typical flaky filler. It has good electrical insulation properties, good heat resistance and non-thermal conductivity, stable chemical properties, has no effect on strong acids and alkalis, strong oil absorption and hiding power. In the ceramic industry, talc has an extremely important role. An important factor in the different colors of ceramics is the addition of talc. Different proportions and the proportion of different ingredients can make ceramics show different colors and enhance the whiteness of ceramics after calcination. Uniform density, good gloss and smooth surface. In addition to the production of special block talc porcelain, it is also widely used; talc powder is combined with porcelain clay to produce special ceramic products with various properties. For example: 15% talc powder for daily-use ceramics (tableware) is tough, translucent, and bright in color, and 40-80% talc powder for building ceramics (tiles, tiles, porcelain, etc.) has minimal thermal and wet expansion. It has the characteristics of high strength, high intensity, no cracking and beautiful color. Different kinds of tal

A faucet is a tool for daily use at home. It is related to the water used by the family. A good quality faucet can save a lot of worry. Which type of faucet is different, which one should we choose? The ceramic valve core will not have a bad impact on the human body, because it is a natural material, which is very good in quality. In practice, it is very strong, not easy to loose, not easy to leak, and the water is very smooth No water cuts will happen. Nowadays, the faucet spools commonly used in many families are made of ceramic spools. These include hot and cold water mixing valves, such as basins, sinks, and shower faucets. The range of applications for ceramic spools is very wide. Some old single-cold faucets and commonly used valve spools are still copper spools. Copper spools are not as durable as ceramic spools. Ceramic spools are more abrasion resistant than copper spools and will not damage healthy water quality due to rust. At the same time, in the actual use process, the quality of the ceramic valve core is relatively good, very strong, not easy to loose, and there will be no leakage. The use will make it wear out and cause water leakage. Now the copper spool is slowly exiting the market. Tips for buying ceramic spools 1. View the quality inspection certificate. When buying, it is best to ask the salesperson for the faucet quality inspection certificate. 2. Check the coating. The plating of the faucet is very important. After grinding and polishing the faucet, the surface will be plated with nickel or chromium. This is to prevent the faucet from being oxidized. You can perform hydrochloric acid experiments on the faucet to see if the faucet is rusted within a certain period of time.

At present, China mainly uses silicon powder direct nitriding to produce silicon nitride powder. This traditional technology produces high content of powder impurities, high power consumption, low efficiency, and is not easy to form large-scale production. In view of this, nanotechnology experts began. From the gas phase method research to find a way out, that is, through the high-temperature gas phase reaction, one-step ultra-fine powder is produced. In the gas phase method, the plasma arc-gas phase synthesis technology is considered to be the current advanced technical expert identification, which is designed and developed by the company. There are four innovations in the production line: the plasma arc three-stage compression technology makes the diameter of the plasma beam limited to less than 10 mm, which is conducive to energy concentration. Secondly, the designed multi-component rapid synthesis device ensures a multi-ambient atmosphere. Chemical vapor phase synthesis in the plasma arc temperature zone; third, the design of nitrogen cooling wells can effectively prevent the growth of powder particles during the gradient cooling wall collection process; Fourth, the gas-solid separation technology and electrostatic collection technology, Increased collection rate of nano-silicon nitride powder Nano-silicon nitride powder prepared by these techniques, with an average particle size of 20 nm, pure According to reports, in this production line, nano-silicon carbide, silicon carbonitride, titanium carbonitride and other powders can be produced. After several months of trial production, nanometer nitriding is produced every hour. Compared with similar products, the high efficiency of silicon powder of more than 5 kg, the production cost is greatly reduced, and the price has a strong competitive advantage. silicon nitride semiconductor industry information

Screws are mostly used in plastic molding equipment, such as plastic profile extruders, injection molding machines, etc. Screws and barrels are the core components of plastic molding equipment. It is the part that heats the extrusion and plasticization. It is the core of plastic machinery. Screw is widely used in machining centers, CNC machines, CNC lathes, injection molding machines, wire cutting, grinding machines, milling machines, slow wire, fast wire, PCB drilling machine, carving machine, engraving and milling machine, spark discharge machine, tooth cutter , planer, large vertical gantry milling and so on. The barrel is made of excellent seamless steel pipe and is precision machined. It is a special barrel for plastic machinery. The barrel has the advantages of high finish, high degree of heart, full model, good quality, low price and maintainability. The cartridges are available in a variety of sizes for customers. The main products are precision screw barrels (nitriding screw barrels, bimetallic screw tubes, stainless steel screw barrels, alloy steel screw barrels): injection molding machine screw barrel, extruder screw barrel, blow molding machine screw material Cartridge, chemical fiber screw barrel, single screw barrel, screw material tube accessories; products use high quality 38CrMoALA; high quality SACM645; high quality SKD11 and other high quality materials, after quenching and tempering. The surface can be nitrided, hard-plated, spray-welded and hard alloy. The product has the advantages of high wear resistance, corrosion resistance and long service life. It has been widely used by domestic and foreign plastic machines, injection molding and plastic manufacturers.

What refractory materials are used for pre-desiliconization of hot metal? Compared with blast furnace slag, the former has high iron oxide content, and the original Al2O3-SiC-C type iron groove refractory material is seriously eroded in the slag line. Therefore, the material is changed in the slag line, the size of the molten iron groove is expanded in the desiliconizing agent, and the forced air-cooling tube is buried in the side wall of the iron groove. The desiliconized slag of the high iron oxide is eroded due to oxidation of SiC and C. It can be replaced by Al2O3-MgO refractory material, and the corrosion resistance mainly depends on the amount of liquid phase formed by the slagging reaction. The experiment confirmed that when MgO/Al2O3>1, the formation of the liquid phase was inhibited because the reaction of FeO with Al2O3-MgO in the desiliconized slag produced high-melting minerals. What are the disadvantages of sintered refractory oxide products? It is generally believed that the thermomechanical damage of the sintered refractory oxide product is mainly caused by microcracks, and the generation and growth of the microcracks depend on physical strengths such as strength, elastic modulus, thermal conductivity, and linear expansion coefficient of the product. For sintered products, the higher the high temperature strength, the smaller the factors that inhibit crack generation, the existing microcracks tend to grow, the fracture toughness is poor, and the cracks are easily broken at high temperatures. High-temperature fired refractory products such as burnt magnesia bricks, the key weakness of the burnt magnesia chrome bricks is that the thermal shock resistance is poor, and the defects of the slag are easily absorbed. How i

Conventional bearings are mostly made of metal, with oil as the lubricating medium. However, there are many disadvantages in use, such as not suitable for high temperature, high speed, chemical corrosion, oil lubrication, leakage and pollution of the environment. Bearings made of ceramic materials can make up for the shortage of metal bearings. Si3 N4 has become the material of choice for the manufacture of ceramic rolling bearings with its excellent performance. It has been applied in many fields such as high-speed lathes, aerospace engines, chemical machinery and equipment. For example, Norton Corporation of the United States has applied Si3N4 ceramic bearings to the shuttle's hydraulic pumps. Pharmaceutical equipment as well as printing and dyeing, fishing equipment. It has been proven that ceramics are successful as a rolling bearing material. Ceramic materials used in the manufacture of plain bearings (water lubrication) are mainly oxide ceramics and non-oxide ceramics. Oxide ceramics mainly include alumina, zirconia, etc.; non-oxide ceramics mainly include carbides and nitrides. Tests have shown that non-oxide ceramics have better wear resistance, with Sialon and Si3N4 having the best overall performance. Mo2 FeB2 It is a newly developed ceramic sliding bearing material with good heat resistance, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and good weldability with steel. It can be widely used in all kinds of sliding bearings. Ceramic bearings have the following advantages: High speed: The weight of ceramics is only 40% of the weight of the same volume of steel, which can reduce the centrifugal load and slip, so that the ceramic bearings can increase the speed of the bearings by 20% ~ 40%. Long life: The hardness of ceramic materials is much higher than the hardness of steel, and the high hardness can reduce wear. In addition, ceramic

A large number of experiments have proved that the "ball" in the precision bearing operating at high speed (speed above 4×104r/min) is the weakest part in the bearing, and about 60%-70% of the high-speed bearing failure is caused by the steel ball. Produced by varying degrees of fatigue. Many domestic high-speed bearings have problems such as bearing steel balls with different degrees of fatigue damage. In order to improve the performance of high-speed bearings to prolong their fatigue life, the application of structural ceramics at home and abroad to manufacture spheres or other bearing parts can significantly improve the performance and life of "high-speed bearings". There are many kinds of ceramics, and silicon nitride is not the hardest in industrial ceramics, and the toughness is not the highest. However, in high-performance bearing applications, silicon nitride is considered to have the best mechanical and physical properties. What is this? The important reason is that other ceramics are damaged by catastrophic rupture, while silicon nitride ceramics occur in a manner similar to the failure of bearing steel, ie, partial spalling. Therefore, as a material for rolling bearings, only silicon nitride can be used from the viewpoint of rolling fatigue life and reliability! The characteristics of the silicon nitride bearing material will be briefly analyzed below, and the molding process of the rolling element (silicon nitride ball) will be briefly introduced. What are the advantages of silicon nitride bearing materials? 1 Smaller density and less centrifugal force - more convenient for high-speed operation. The density of silicon nitride ceramic materials is about 3.2×103kg/m3, while the density of bearing steel is about 7.8×103kg/m3. . The density of silicon nitride ceramics is only about 40% of the density of bearing steel. Therefore, when the rolling element is made of a silicon nitride

1 Silicon Nitride Blank Ball Forming Like most ceramic products, silicon nitride balls are also made from powder. At present, the commonly used silicon nitride blank ball manufacturing processes include: reaction sintering, hot pressing sintering, hot isostatic pressing, and the like. In the production of bearing parts, the hot isostatic pressing method is currently considered to be the best process for the manufacture of silicon nitride blank balls, because the process is directly applicable to a part of the sealing pre-forming or sintering production method, and can produce a density close to 100%. material. Brief description of the hot isostatic pressing process: The hot isostatic pressing method is to heat the silicon nitride material in an argon atmosphere at a pressure of 250 MPa and a temperature of 750 ° C for 2 h to prepare a sample ball. The glass blank is then used to spray the blank to form a porous shell, which is then heated in a special vacuum furnace to remove the trapped air from the material and melt the glass. After the cooling is controlled, the glass layer is changed. Become a sealing layer. After the hot pressing phase is completed, the pressure is reduced and the glass is removed from the ball. The manufacturing technology of silicon nitride blank ball has great influence on the subsequent processing of silicon nitride ceramic ball. The dimensional tolerance and surface quality of the blank ball will determine the final quality of the ceramic ball and the post-processing cost. 2 Abrasive selection Ceramic ball processing includes rough grinding, fine grinding, lapping, and super-finishing, among which coarse grinding removes 95% of the ceramic ball. After each process is completed, the ceramic balls are cleaned to ensure good cleanliness of the ceramic balls. Because the surface of the ceramic ball in the previous process must have a large amount of abrasive particles, it must be cleaned, especially in the lappin

Ceramic nozzles have been continuously improved since they were introduced to China in the 1990s. Mainly improved from both appearance and material: Shape: The shape of the ceramic nozzle has evolved from the earliest spiral type, large volume, and 2 spray to spiral type, eddy current type and small volume. Materials: Materials have evolved from oxide ceramics to nitride ceramics and carbide ceramics. The ceramic nozzles we refer to in our country refer to the following: 1. Oxide ceramic nozzle (refers to alumina and zirconia materials) 2. Nitride ceramic nozzle (refers to silicon nitride bonded silicon carbide material) 3. Silicon carbide ceramic nozzle (refers to silicon carbide, boron carbide material) Oxide ceramic nozzles have been phased out due to their lower performance than silicon nitride nozzles and silicon carbide nozzles. The mainstream products in the market are: 1. Nitrogen connection combined with silicon carbide nozzle (white) The advantage is that the hardness is high, the wear resistance is strong, and there are advantages and disadvantages, and the material is too hard to be a spiral nozzle. 2. Silicon carbide nozzle (black, green) The advantage is that the hardness is high and the ductility is good, and the spiral nozzle can also be used as the vortex nozzle. Of course, there are advantages and disadvantages, and the wear resistance is relatively poor.

Silicon nitride is very strong, especially hot pressed silicon nitride, which is one of the hardest substances in the world. It is extremely resistant to high temperatures, its strength can be maintained to a high temperature of 1200 °C without falling, it will not melt into a melt after heating, it will decompose until 1900 °C, and it has amazing chemical resistance and can withstand almost all inorganic acids. And less than 30% caustic soda solution can also resist the corrosion of many organic acids; at the same time it is a high-performance electrical insulation material. Silicon Nitride - Properties Chemical formula Si3N4. White powder crystal; melting point 1900 ° C, density 3.44 g / cm (20 ° C); there are two variants: α type is a hexagonal close packed structure; β type is a spar crystal structure. Silicon nitride is gray when it has impurities or excessive silicon. Silicon nitride and water hardly act; slowly hydrolyze in a strong acid solution to form an ammonium salt and silica; soluble in hydrofluoric acid, and does not work with dilute acid. The concentrated alkali solution can slowly etch silicon nitride, and the molten strong base can quickly convert silicon nitride into silicate and ammonia. Silicon nitride at 600 ° C can reduce the transition metal (see transition element) oxide, lead oxide, zinc oxide and tin dioxide, and release nitrogen oxides and nitrogen dioxide. At 1285 ° C, the following reaction occurs between silicon nitride and tricalcium carbonate Ca3N2: Ca3N2+Si3N4─→3CaSiN2 The method for preparing silicon nitride is as follows: reacting powdered silicon with nitrogen at 1300 to 1400 ° C; and reacting pure silicon with ammonia at 1500 ° C; A mixture of silica and carbon is calci

Industrial ceramics, that is, ceramics for industrial production and industrial products. It is a kind of fine ceramics, which can exert mechanical, thermal and chemical functions in applications. Because industrial ceramics has a series of advantages such as high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and erosion resistance, it can replace metal materials and organic polymer materials for demanding working environments, and has become a traditional industrial transformation, emerging industry and high-tech. An indispensable important material has broad application prospects in the fields of energy, aerospace, machinery, automobile, electronics and chemical industry. Use ceramics that are resistant to corrosion and chemically stable to biological enzymes to produce crucibles for smelting metals, heat exchangers, biomaterials such as artificial lacquer joints, etc., using special ceramics for capturing and absorbing neutrons to produce various cores. Anti-stack structure materials, etc. 1) Ordinary ceramics Ordinary ceramics refer to clay-based ceramics, which are prepared by mixing clay, feldspar and quartz. The properties depend on the purity, particle size and proportion of the three raw materials. Generally, the texture is hard, corrosion resistant, non-oxidizing, non-conductive, resistant to certain high temperatures and good formability. application: Industrial common ceramics are mainly used for electric porcelain for insulation, chemical porcelain with high acid and alkali requirements, porcelain for structural parts with low load bearing requirements, such as insulators, corrosion-resistant containers, pipes and decorative porcelain and tableware in daily life. Wait. 2) Alumina ceramics